1. Samsara: Samsara refers to the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth in Hinduism. It represents the continuous process of reincarnation. For example, a person who leads a righteous life may be reborn into a higher social class or even attain liberation from the cycle of Samsara.
2. Karma: Karma is the concept of cause and effect in Hinduism. It suggests that every action has consequences, and one's actions in this life will determine their fate in future lives. For instance, if a person performs good deeds, they will accumulate positive karma and experience favorable outcomes in the future.
3. Moksha: Moksha refers to liberation from the cycle of Samsara. It is the ultimate goal in Hinduism, representing freedom from the cycle of birth and death. Attaining Moksha is considered the highest spiritual achievement. It is believed that achieving Moksha brings an end to suffering and unites the individual soul with the universal soul.
4. Dharma: Dharma encompasses the moral and ethical duties and responsibilities that individuals must follow in Hinduism. It refers to righteousness, duty, and the path of righteousness. For example, a person's Dharma may include respecting elders, practicing honesty, and fulfilling their societal roles.
5. Puja: Puja is a Hindu ritual of worship and devotion. It involves offering prayers, flowers, incense, and food to deities. Puja is performed both in temples and at home. For instance, during Diwali, Hindus perform Puja to honor the goddess Lakshmi and seek her blessings for prosperity and happiness.
6. Yoga: Yoga is a spiritual and physical discipline that originated in ancient India. It involves various practices such as physical postures (asanas), breathing exercises (pranayama), and meditation. Yoga aims to unite the body, mind, and spirit. It is widely practiced for physical and mental well-being.
7. Mantra: A Mantra is a sacred sound, word, or phrase that is repeated during meditation or prayer. It is believed to have spiritual and transformative powers. For example, the mantra "Om" is considered the most sacred sound in Hinduism and is chanted to connect with the divine.
8. Avatar: An Avatar is a deity or divine being who descends to Earth in human or animal form. Avatars are believed to be manifestations of the supreme god, Vishnu. The most famous avatars are Lord Rama and Lord Krishna, who are revered as the incarnations of Vishnu.
9. Yuga: Yuga refers to the four ages or epochs in Hindu cosmology. These ages are Satya Yuga (the age of truth and righteousness), Treta Yuga, Dvapara Yuga, and Kali Yuga (the current age of darkness and moral decline). Each Yuga is believed to have different characteristics and durations.
10. Puja: Puja is a Hindu ritual of worship and devotion. It involves offering prayers, flowers, incense, and food to deities. Puja is performed both in temples and at home. For instance, during Diwali, Hindus perform Puja to honor the goddess Lakshmi and seek her blessings for prosperity and happiness.

These are just a few examples of popular Hindu words and their English translations. Hinduism is a rich and diverse religion with numerous concepts and terms. Exploring these words further will provide a deeper understanding of Hindu philosophy and spirituality.

Note: The translations and interpretations provided here are based on common understanding and may vary in different contexts and interpretations within Hinduism.

References:
1. "Samsara." Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/samsara
2. "Karma." Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/karma
3. "Moksha." Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/moksha
4. "Dharma." Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/dharma-Hinduism
5. "Puja." Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/puja
6. "Yoga." Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/yoga
7. "Mantra." Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/mantra
8. "Avatar." Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/avatar-Hinduism
9. "Yuga." Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/yuga